Distinguishing between malignant moles and normal moles

Normal moles and malignant moles differ in size, color, symmetry, and change over time to progress to cancer.

Dr. Ta Tung Duy, Vietnam Institute of Applied Medicine, said that malignant moles are the most dangerous type of skin cancer, quite common today. Skin cancer develops in the cells that produce skin pigment in the bottom layer (epidermis) called melanocytes. Malignant tumors initially look like moles and some originate from moles.

In 2021, the American Cancer Society estimates that more than 106,000 new cases of malignant moles will be diagnosed with cancer and nearly 7,200 people will die from the disease.

Signs to distinguish between normal moles and malignant moles are as follows:

Normal moles

The first sign of a normal mole is symmetry. If you draw a straight line through the middle of the mole, both sides will be similar in color, thickness and shape, with a uniform border, usually smooth and clear, and a consistent color.

The second is size. A normal mole is less than 6 mm. Larger moles are unlikely to be malignant but should be monitored. Also, a normal mole is flat, you can run your finger over it without noticing its presence.

Malignant mole

A malignant mole is asymmetrical, meaning that its two parts differ in size, shape, color, and thickness. This is because cancer cells grow faster than normal cells and tend to create an irregular pattern.

While a normal mole has a smooth, consistent border, a melanoma's border may be ridged, scalloped, fuzzy, or poorly defined. The color is also inconsistent, and can vary in color from tan, brown, black, red, white, or blue.

A mole larger than 6 mm in diameter is also a sign of malignant moles, as they will grow and tend to get larger. Malignant moles change size, shape and color over time. Initially, the mole may be flat, but over time it will gradually become raised, protruding above the skin.

Doctors advise that you pay attention to your moles. If you notice any changes, you should see a doctor for a diagnosis as soon as possible.

Thuy Quynh

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