Pension conditions: Regulations you need to know according to the Social Insurance Law 2024

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General conditions for pension entitlement

According to the 2024 Social Insurance Law, employees need to meet two conditions at the same time regarding social insurance payment period and retirement age to receive pension.

Regarding the period of social insurance payment: Employees must have a compulsory social insurance payment period of at least 15 years. This is an important change compared to the old regulation (requiring 20 years), creating conditions for many employees with a short social insurance payment period to access the pension regime. For voluntary social insurance participants, the required social insurance payment period is also at least 15 years.

Regarding retirement age: Retirement age is implemented according to the roadmap prescribed in the 2019 Labor Code. Specifically, for men, from 60 years and 3 months in 2021, it will increase by 3 months each year until reaching 62 years of age in 2028. For women, from 55 years and 4 months in 2021, it will increase by 4 months each year until reaching 60 years of age in 2035.

Cases of early retirement

The law also stipulates a number of special cases in which employees can retire at a lower age than normal working conditions, but must still ensure the minimum period of social insurance payment.

For employees doing heavy, toxic, dangerous work or working in areas with particularly difficult socio -economic conditions: Employees with a total period of compulsory social insurance payment of 15 years or more when doing these jobs or working in areas with particularly difficult conditions (including working time in places with regional allowance coefficient of 0.7 or more before January 1, 2021) can retire at a lower age than the general regulations. The retirement age in this case can be lower but not more than 5 years lower than the retirement age under normal working conditions at the time of retirement according to regulations.

For employees working in underground coal mining: Employees who have worked in underground coal mining for 15 years or more can retire at a maximum age of 10 years lower than the retirement age under normal working conditions. Specific jobs are specified in Appendix I of Decree No. 158/2025/ND-CP of the Government .

For officers, professional soldiers, people's police and some other special subjects: These subjects, when retiring, have a mandatory social insurance payment period of 15 years or more and can retire at a maximum age of 5 years lower than the general regulations, unless otherwise provided in specialized laws.

For employees infected with HIV/AIDS due to occupational accidents: Employees in this case are entitled to pension when they have paid compulsory social insurance for at least 15 years, regardless of age requirements.

For employees with reduced working capacity: Employees with reduced working capacity can also retire early but must meet the condition of a longer period of social insurance payment and the pension will be deducted due to early retirement (reduced by 2% for each year of early retirement). Regarding the eligibility conditions, employees must have a compulsory social insurance payment period of at least 20 years. Specific cases are regulated as follows:

Retire up to 5 years earlier if working capacity is reduced from 61% to less than 81%.

Retire up to 10 years earlier if working capacity is reduced by 81% or more.

People who have worked for 15 years or more in especially arduous, toxic, or dangerous jobs and have a 61% or more reduction in working capacity are also entitled to a lower pension.

Some other notes

How to determine age when the date and month of birth are not clear in the record: If the record only states the year of birth, the date of birth will be taken as January 1 of that year. If only the month and year of birth are stated, the date of birth will be taken as the 1st of that month.

Working time in the battlefield: Working time in battlefields B and C before April 30, 1975 and battlefield K before August 31, 1989 is counted as working time in places with regional allowance coefficient of 0.7 to serve as a basis for considering pension eligibility.

In case of both compulsory and voluntary social insurance payment period: The time for calculating retirement benefits is the total time for both types of social insurance payment. If the employee has paid compulsory social insurance for 15 years or more and meets the age requirements, he/she will receive pension according to the compulsory social insurance policy./.

Tuan Thanh - Social Insurance of Tay Ninh province

Source: https://baolongan.vn/dieu-kien-huong-luong-huu-nhung-quy-dinh-can-biet-theo-luat-bao-hiem-xa-hoi-nam-2024-a204815.html