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Which dynasty existed the shortest in Vietnamese history?

VTC NewsVTC News12/08/2023


Administration, economics , and examinations

Regarding administration, in 1401, Ho Han Thuong ordered the creation of a household register throughout the country. "Record all people aged 2 years and older in the register and use the current number as the actual number. Do not allow exiles to have their names recorded in the register. Announce to the border towns that any Kinh people residing there must be expelled to their hometowns," wrote the book Dai Viet Su Ky Toan Thu.
In 1403, he allowed landless people to migrate to Thang Hoa - a new land acquired after Champa surrendered in 1402 (now Quang Nam and Quang Ngai provinces). In the same year, the Ho Dynasty established the Quang Te health agency.
Regarding the law, at the end of 1401, the Ho Dynasty established the official system and penal code of the Dai Ngu state. However, historical records do not clearly state how the amendments compared to the Tran Dynasty.
In terms of economy, the Ho Dynasty circulated paper money and banned copper coins. In fact, the currency exchange was initiated and implemented by Ho Quy Ly at the end of the Tran Dynasty, in 1396. The paper money format was 10 dong notes with dragon drawings, 30 dong notes with waves, 2 dong notes with turtle drawings, 3 dong notes with unicorn drawings, 5 dong notes with phoenix drawings, 1 quan notes with dragon drawings. Counterfeiters were sentenced to death, and their land and property were confiscated.
The Ho Dynasty's tax classification was clearer than before. "Previously, each mau collected 3 thang of rice, now it collects 5 thang. Mulberry fields, previously, collected 9 quan or 7 quan of money per mau, now it collects 5 quan of paper money per mau for the upper class, 4 quan of paper money per mau for the middle class, and 3 quan of paper money for the lower class. The annual payment of male residents previously collected 3 quan, now it is based on the number of fields. Those who only have 5 sao of rice fields will collect 5 paper money, from 6 sao to 1 mau will collect 1 quan...", the book Dai Viet Su Ky Toan Thu wrote. The Ho Dynasty also established a regular warehouse to reserve rice to stabilize the economy.
Regarding education , the Ho Dynasty changed the examination system, abandoning the dictation of classical literature and switching to the four-field literary style.
The reforms of the Ho Dynasty were considered to have practical value and were ahead of their time. However, because of the people's disapproval due to Ho Quy Ly's tricks when usurping the throne, the reforms failed.



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