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A Chinese WeRide robotaxi parked on a street in Abu Dhabi (UAE), showing China's expansion into the global market

Intelligent Connected Vehicles (ICVs) are vehicles equipped with sensors, software and advanced technology that allow them to connect and interact with each other and the surrounding infrastructure. These vehicles can exchange information, perceive their environment and make decisions without human intervention.

Road testing of ICVs allows manufacturers and technology companies to test and improve autonomous driving systems in real-world environments. By demonstrating the performance and safety of ICVs on public roads, these trials contribute to the development of reliable autonomous technology , accelerate the adoption of smart vehicles, and change the future of transportation.

Known for having the world’s largest auto industry, China has made ICVs a key part of its long-term strategic plan. According to a report from global management consultancy McKinsey, China will become the world’s largest market for autonomous vehicles , with sales of these vehicles and mobility services expected to exceed $500 billion by 2030.

In November 2023, China's Ministry of Industry and Information Technology revealed that the testing permits apply to Level 3 and 4 autonomous vehicles in China's classification system. The move demonstrates China's determination to promote autonomous driving technology and integrate it into its infrastructure.

Levels 3 and 4 of autonomous driving are classifications used to describe the level of autonomy of a vehicle. Level 3 represents conditional automation, where the vehicle can manage most aspects of the driving task, but may require human intervention in certain situations. Level 4 represents high automation, where the vehicle can perform all driving functions in specific conditions and environments, without human intervention.

By allowing ICVs to be tested on public roads, China is creating a favorable environment for automakers and technology companies to improve their autonomous driving systems. These tests not only ensure that ICVs meet safety and performance standards, but also facilitate the development of smart transportation solutions for cities.

The move to allow road testing of autonomous vehicles is a prerequisite for China to take the lead in the emerging ICV industry. With a large market and growing demand for innovative transportation solutions, China aims to become a global leader in ICV production and deployment.

By testing ICVs, China will pave the way for advances in areas such as vehicle-to-vehicle (V2V) communications, vehicle-to-infrastructure (V2I) connectivity, and intelligent transportation systems. These technologies are at the core of ICVs, allowing them to communicate with each other and surrounding infrastructure, improving safety and efficiency on the roads.

(according to Chinadaily)