Pay attention to new requirements in the high school graduation exam in literature
The illustrative exam for the literature subject for the 2025 high school graduation exam was announced by the Ministry of Education and Training twice. Students should pay attention to the second exam because it has been adjusted. Note that the exam has flexible changes in the way it is required. This is clearly shown in the matrix announced by the Ministry of Education and Training with the illustrative exam. Accordingly, there are the following 2 forms:
- Form 1, if the reading comprehension part is a literary text (mainly poetry and stories), then the paragraph writing is a literary argument and the essay writing is a social argument.
- Form 2, if the reading comprehension part is an informational/argumentative text, then the paragraph writing part is a social argumentative text and the essay writing part is a literary argumentative text.
See the test matrix of a high school in Ho Chi Minh City below .
When practicing, students need to pay attention to the new requirements in each question of the sample test and the answer guide. For example, in question 1 of the reading comprehension section, the sample test does not ask simply as in the old way "identify the poetic form", but also requires "point out the signs to identify the poetic form". And according to the answer, "the number of words in the lines is not equal, which is a sign to identify the free verse form" (0.5 points). In this case, for example, a candidate answering "number of words" instead of "number of words" may be deducted 0.25 points. Because normally the poetic form is called by "number of words" (5-word, 7-word poetry), not by "number of words". So, if it is not free verse, how should you answer? Here is a hint: If it is a 5-word or 7-word poem, answer "the number of words in the lines is equal, all 5 or 7 words". If it is a six-eight poem, the answer is "the number of words in adjacent pairs of verses is equal, both 6 and 8 words".
In question 2 of the reading comprehension section, the question does not simply require identifying/pointing out words and images like the old curriculum test, but also requires understanding of comparative rhetoric. This requires students to have a general knowledge of rhetoric in general.
Sentences 3, 4, and 5 of the reading comprehension section also have knowledge concepts according to the new program, such as the form of communication (the form of his confidences with her) in the text, the movement of the lyrical subject/character, the mood of the lyrical subject/character in poetry... Therefore, students must thoroughly review the literary knowledge of the text genres.
The writing section (part II, 6.0 points) also requires very new requirements. Accordingly, the text requiring discussion and analysis is a completely new text. This requires students to practice the skill of analyzing the topic (otherwise it will be easy to go off topic), and know how to develop a paragraph or essay effectively.
12th grade students in Ho Chi Minh City during the high school graduation mock exam last May
Photo: Dao Ngoc Thach
Focus on test-taking skills
The new 2018 general education program focuses on skill assessment. Therefore, the test also changes its requirements from assessing lesson knowledge to focusing on assessing test-taking skills. Therefore, students need to practice test-taking skills, including reading comprehension, paragraph and essay writing skills.
For the reading comprehension section (4 points), students need to have a solid grasp of literary knowledge about text genres including literary, argumentative, and informational texts. Knowledge of these genres includes all the knowledge learned throughout the years in high school, focusing on the 12th grade program. When reviewing a genre, students should have a systematic understanding of the literary knowledge characteristics of that genre. Pay attention to the requirements (questioning methods) of each type of text in reading activities. Because the reading comprehension questions of the exam are often close to these requirements, suitable for the characteristics of each specific genre. In addition, it is necessary to have a solid grasp of Vietnamese knowledge through Vietnamese practice exercises in the 12th grade program, including rhetorical devices...
It is necessary to strengthen the practice of writing argumentative paragraphs (about literature or society, 2 points). The disadvantage of most high school students is that they have been trained a lot in writing social argumentative paragraphs, but very little in writing literary argumentative paragraphs, so they are quite confused by this requirement. Therefore, they need to practice more under the guidance of teachers.
The new curriculum textbooks have a "Reading - Writing Connection" section at the end of the questions for understanding each text, in the reading section. This requirement is usually to write a paragraph (about 150 words) related to a certain aspect of the text just read. Students who adhere to this requirement will also practice well the skill of writing a literary argumentative paragraph for the high school graduation exam.
Advice for students with social argument essay (4 points) as follows:
- Practice writing social argumentative essays according to common models, such as ideology - morality, or life phenomena. This type of essay is a synthesis of common operations of social argumentative essays, such as the way to write for the 2025 literature sample exam.
- Pay attention to the knowledge of the essay type and how to write social argumentative essays in the writing section of the 12th grade program.
If not paying attention to this, candidates may not meet the requirement of the answer sheet to closely follow the requirements of the grade 12 program.
Source: https://thanhnien.vn/thi-tot-nghiep-thpt-nam-2025-hieu-dung-de-minh-hoa-de-on-tap-trung-dich-185250617094805586.htm
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