Explore the mysterious history of the neighboring Andromeda galaxy

Thanks to the Hubble Space Telescope, astronomers have completed the most comprehensive survey ever of the Andromeda Galaxy, a neighbor of the Milky Way, and created a 417-megapixel image stitched together from more than 600 photos taken over 10 years.

Composite image of the Andromeda Galaxy through Hubble's lens

The largest panoramic image of the Andromeda galaxy shows about 200 million stars and spans a resolution of 2.5 billion pixels, according to science.nasa.gov .

After the Hubble telescope was launched into low Earth orbit by NASA and the European Space Agency (ESA), astronomers counted more than 1 trillion galaxies in the universe.

However, only one galaxy stands out as the most prominent and important among them: the Milky Way's neighbor, the Andromeda galaxy (Messier 31).

Correct name for Andromeda galaxy

A century ago, American astronomer Edwin Hubble was the first to suggest that the so-called "spiral nebula," then the Andromeda galaxy's identity, was actually 2.5 million light-years away from the Milky Way.

Previously, astronomers had long believed that the Milky Way filled the entire universe. Therefore, overnight, Mr. Hubble's discovery completely overturned human understanding by exposing the reality that the universe is extremely large.

And Andromeda was officially identified as a galaxy, not a nebula, with more than 1 trillion stars.

Astronomers can observe the Andromeda Galaxy with the naked eye on clear autumn nights, appearing as a cigar-shaped object in the night sky.

This image shows more than 200 million stars brighter than our sun in the Andromeda galaxy.

The Importance of the Andromeda Galaxy

A century later, the telescope that bears his name has achieved the unprecedented feat of completing the most comprehensive survey of its galactic neighbor. The new discovery provides clues to the Andromeda galaxy's evolutionary history, which is completely different from that of the Milky Way.

"Detailed observations of resolved stars will allow us to piece together past mergers and the history of galaxy interactions," said lead investigator Ben Williams of the University of Washington.

Without the Andromeda Galaxy as a reference for the universe's spiral galaxies, astronomers would have a much less understanding of the structure and evolution of the Milky Way. The reason is that humans are located inside our galaxy.

It is predicted that in about 4-5 billion years, the Milky Way and Andromeda Galaxy will merge with each other.

Source: https://thanhnien.vn/kham-pha-lich-su-bi-an-cua-thien-ha-tien-nu-lang-gieng-185250117102146049.htm