The high school graduation exam from 2025 will only have two compulsory subjects: Math and Literature, while History and Foreign Language are optional subjects along with 7 other subjects.
The plan for the high school graduation exam from 2025 was signed and issued by the leaders of the Ministry of Education and Training on November 28. Accordingly, the two compulsory subjects are Math and Literature. The Literature exam is in essay form, and Math is in multiple choice form, similar to the present.
Candidates will take two additional subjects of their choice from Foreign Languages, History, Physics, Chemistry, Biology, Geography, Economic and Legal Education, Information Technology, and Technology, also in the form of multiple-choice tests.
Thus, although they are compulsory subjects at high school level according to the 2018 general education program, Foreign Languages and History are classified as optional subjects.
Compared to the current high school graduation exam, the number of subjects from 2025 will be reduced by two and the number of exam sessions by one. The combined exam of Natural Sciences (Physics, Chemistry, Biology) and Social Sciences (History, Geography, Civic Education) will no longer exist, meaning that candidates can choose to take one natural science subject and one social science subject instead of having to take all three subjects in the same block as at present.
Candidates taking the 2023 high school graduation exam in Ho Chi Minh City. Photo: Quynh Tran
The Ministry of Education and Training said it decided on this exam plan after widely consulting on three options. The remaining two options are to test four compulsory subjects (Literature, Mathematics, Foreign Language, History) and three compulsory subjects (Literature, Mathematics, Foreign Language) and two elective subjects.
As a result, the majority chose the two or three compulsory subjects option. Specifically, when surveying nearly 130,700 officials and teachers on the two compulsory subjects options of three and four, nearly 74% chose the three subjects option. After that, the Ministry surveyed about 18,000 more officials and teachers in Ho Chi Minh City, Long An, Tay Ninh, Lang Son and Bac Giang with all three options, 60% chose to take two compulsory subjects.
According to a survey of independent experts and opinions from experts from the National Council for Education and Human Resources Development, the majority also chose to take two compulsory subjects, mainly to reduce exam pressure for students, reduce costs for families and society, and not cause an imbalance between social sciences or natural sciences.
The option of taking two compulsory subjects and two elective subjects does not cause difficulties for universities that use high school graduation exam results for admission.
Regarding the exam content, the Ministry of Education and Training said that it will closely follow the objectives of the 2018 general education program because candidates taking this exam from 2025 have studied completely according to this program. The exam questions will be directed towards enhancing capacity assessment. The Ministry will soon announce sample questions for each subject.
The 2025 high school graduation recognition method will combine the results of the process assessment and the graduation exam results at an appropriate ratio.
The Ministry will also maintain the stability of paper-based high school graduation exams until 2030, in parallel with increasing the application of information technology; after 2030, gradually pilot computer-based exams with multiple-choice subjects in qualified places.
The high school graduation exam had 4 similar subjects more than 45 years ago. During the period 1976-1980, this exam also included 4 subjects but in essay format. Of which, Math and Literature were two compulsory subjects, the remaining two subjects had to be in groups, including Physics, Chemistry or Chemistry, Biology; History, Geography; History, Foreign Language. As for the exam from 2025, there will be a total of 36 subject groups.
In the past 10 years (2015-2025), the exam has undergone three major changes. In 2015, the exam was combined between the graduation exam and the university and college entrance exam (a two-in-one exam). From 2020, with the revised Education Law, the exam's main objective is to consider graduation, reduce difficulty, and is no longer required for university admission.
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